Template is a usual html page with special placeholders for dynamic content. They look’s like
%%TITLE%%
%%AUTOR%%
etc.

Download TIvTemplate.
Here is an example of using this class

<?php
include('ivtemplate.php');
$t = new TIvTemplate('MyTemplate.inc');
// Set placeholder values
$t->Set('%%TITLE%%','Iv template system tests');
$t->Set('%%FIRSTLINE%%','First line substitution');
$t->Set('%%SECONDLINE%%','Author of this page is a '.$t->GetConst('AUTHOR'));
// 'render' page
echo $t->FinalResult();
?>

Simple! Isn’t it?

When you got the idea read about Blitz and Smarty systems.

EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM SOME_TABLE WHERE ADATE<NOW()

This simple query gives you all required information to decide which indexes mysql will use to execute this query and you can easily decide to add all additional indexes.

For more information read mysql manual.